• Semester 6, position 4

This course aims to teach students basic knowledge of hydraulics and pneumatics. First of all they need to learn to read schemes of hydraulic oil and pneumatic systems. In addition to this the audience of this course should be familiar with basic elements of all systems, with their functionality, place and role in hydraulic oil and pneumatic systems. Besides this, the aim of this course is to teach listeners the basics of calculations of elements, circuits and systems in general.

The students listened to and passed this course will be able to read correctly each scheme of oil hydraulic or pneumatic system. In addition to understanding the scheme they will be able to accurately determine functionality of given system. Also, they will be able to independently calculate existing oil hydraulics and pneumatics systems in stationary regimes. Students will be able to select appropriate components of hydraulic or pneumatic system for specific tasks of power transmission and connect them in functional way.

Introduction to oil hydraulics. Application of oil hydraulic. Basic equations. Equations for calculations stationary regimes of oil hydraulic systems. Bernoulli's equation. Equation of continuity. Equations of linear and rotary movement. Energy balance and efficiency of oil hydraulic system. Pump aggregate and executive bodies. Oil hydraulics pumps and hydro-motors. Oil hydraulic working cylinders. Oil hydraulic distributors and regulatory components. Hydraulic batteries. Oil seating and oil transport. Introduction to pneumatics. Calculation of basic flow processes. Air flow in pipes and local resistance. Isothermal flow of gas in pipes. Elements of pneumatic system.

Hydro-pneumatics static. Calculation pressure forces in which working fluid acting on hydraulic and pneumatic components. Dependence of viscosity by temperature. Changing the oil temperature during operation oil hydraulic system (OHS). Calculation of closed oil hydraulic circuit (OHC) in stationary operating mode. Efficiency of pump and hydro-motor. Calculation of open (OHC) in stationary operating mode. Forces on hydro-cylinder. Hydraulic brake piston. Calculation of connecting rod on deflection. Calculation of (OHS) with two or more executive bodies. Efficiency of (OHS). Thermophysical properties of air. Calculation of separate condensate. Theoretical compressors. Air emphasis from reservoir of unlimited volume. Discharging of pneumatical chamber limited capacity. Calculation of isothermal air flow through the pipe. Approximate method for calculating air flow in pipe. Calculation of cylinder air charge that flows in through the long pipeline. Flow through one pressure differential device and through pressure differential devices connected in series.

Passed examination of Fluid Mechanics B.

Manuscript of lectures. Oil hydraulic components with section. Pneumatic installation for demonstration. Facility for testing the hydraulic characteristic of distributor.

Total assigned hours: 75

New material: 20
Elaboration and examples (recapitulation): 10

Auditory exercises: 28
Laboratory exercises: 2
Calculation tasks: 0
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 0
Consultations: 0
Discussion/workshop: 0
Research study work: 0

Review and grading of calculation tasks: 0
Review and grading of lab reports: 0
Review and grading of seminar papers: 0
Review and grading of the project: 0
Test: 6
Test: 4
Final exam: 5

Activity during lectures: 10
Test/test: 10
Laboratory practice: 10
Calculation tasks: 0
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 0
Final exam: 70
Requirement for taking the exam (required number of points): 20

Crnojevic C., Classical and oil hydraulic, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Belgrade, 2006 (in Serbian)